Pre-School Information for Parents

By now we all know the consequences of smoking and health, especially during pregnancy. In addition to the relationship of snuff with lung cancer and cardiovascular disease, smoking in pregnancy is associated with low birth weight baby and the premature delivery . Let snuff therapy or nicotine patches in pregnancy is an important issue for the health of the mother and fetus, but how?

Quitting smoking in pregnancy

The statistics we confirm that in developed countries, between 13 and 25 percent of women smoke during pregnancy . That percentage is also increasing among women in developing countries. Hence any step to quit smoking during pregnancy has been welcomed among physicians and patients for decades. One of them is based replacement therapy nicotine patches.

The nicotine patch has an advantage over the cigarette and contains only nicotine, but this substance alone is a major risk factor because it produces vasoconstriction and this leads to hypoxia [oxygen deprivation], which may adversely affect the embryo and later in the fetus . For this reason, there is general agreement that the best smoking cessation in pregnancy are behavioral therapies, but experts also admit that the treatment of nicotine replacement is less dangerous than snuff, and its use is recommended in different medical guidelines. However, to date there has been minimal, and little research on this topic. The reason for the dearth of research on nicotine patches in pregnancy is that it is more difficult to conduct clinical trials in pregnancy due to side effects that can cause certain drugs to the fetus.

Nevertheless, a recent study revealed that children of women who used nicotine gum or patches during pregnancy had infantile colic more frequently than those infants whose mothers had not smoked or used any nicotine REPLACING therapy. The study took as a reference to 15,000 women had smoked during pregnancy. Some 1,200 had used nicotine gum or patches and had smoked at some time during pregnancy and 207 women had used any of these therapies with nicotine, but had not smoked. The incidence of colic in infants breastfeeding was higher among children of women who had used the patch or nicotine gum, 11 percent versus 7 percent in the children of nonsmokers.

One concern of parents at this time is the significant increase in rates of teenage pregnancy . The responsibility involved in bringing a child into the world and its consequences can not be tackled maturely by people who have not completed their growth, physical and emotional. It is essential then work to prevent an unwanted pregnancy occurs in our teens.

Reasons for increase in teenage pregnancies

No single reason why this phenomenon is occurring, however, there are a number of co-factors:
Less parental supervision

Increasingly, parents must work to keep the family roof, therefore can not supervise their teenagers as was done before.

Social acceptance

The mass media increasingly accepted as normal the fact that teenage girls become pregnant. Many magazines are celebrities of this age who are expecting a child.
Social stimulation

Along with the acceptance of the phenomenon is the notion that being pregnant and parenting young is great.

Preventing unwanted pregnancies

Parents can take action to ensure that your teens pass into adulthood without having had an early pregnancy:
Be clear about your ideas about sex

Before talking to your child about this issue makes it clear in your mind what you think about sex in adolescence. Thus, you will be aware of your values ​​and attitudes about sexuality and pregnancy.
Do not be only talk about sex

Many parents feel uncomfortable talking these issues with their children, so they avoid it all the time or just give limited information in a case in point. Parents need to have a mature dialogue on sexuality which are open to any questions and do not judge.

Supervises and monitors your child

Establishing norms and standards of conduct. It is important to know what the child from leaving the school until he comes home and when out with friends. Always try to inquire subtly without being disrespectful.

Meet your child’s friends and family

Teens are influenced much by their peers. It’s great to know that your child’s friends and family share your same values.

It encourages group activities rather than appointments

There are less chances of a teen getting pregnant more often if you participate in group activities, rather than go out with boys alone. Let your child know when you will allow a date. The age depend largely on the maturity of the adolescent.

Insist that your daughter go out with teens their own age

It is not wise to let the girls go out with boys much older than themselves. The risk increases if pregnant go out with men.

Show your appreciation for education

Teach your child that there are many options in life other than pregnancy and parenthood. Encourage a love of studies and the academic improvement.

Stay tuned to what you read, see or hear your child

Monitors information sources that refer to the teenager. If necessary put control standards for the Internet and TV.

Develop and foster relationships warm, open and affectionate with your children is the best way you can control an unwanted pregnancy in adolescence.

Pay attention to our recommendations and will reduce the risks that occur in your family an early pregnancy .

Are you pregnant? Congratulations! You are a very important step and certainly want to take care of the best possible way for you and your baby are fine. Within the care you have to have in your pregnancy, nutrition is very important.

For a well balanced diet is necessary to satisfy several requirements: first we have to feed according to our energy requirements, which are higher in the period of gestation. We also need to eat foods that are healthy and give us all the nutrients you need and we must create a meal plan so we can properly choose what we eat.

Nutritionists work with food pyramids that provide guidance to know what to eat according to our needs, so that there is also a pyramid for pregnancy, which divides foods into six groups: grains, fruits, vegetables, meat and beans , milk and other dairy products and oils.

Ideal menu ideas

As you clear the food groups to choose from to create your own menus, but we give you some ideas of a perfect menu for pregnant women to learn what you can feed yourself and start eating healthy.
Breakfast

1 / 2 cup cantaloupe
2 eggs scrambled with mushrooms ¼ cup with 1 teaspoon canola oil
1 slice whole wheat toast with 1 teaspoon light margarine
1 cup low fat milk

Sandwich

1 large apple
1 / 4 cup sunflower seeds

Lunch

1 medium baked potato topped with chili, 3 / 4 cup of beans and 2 tablespoons of grated cheese
1 cup spinach salad with 1 tablespoon of dried cranberries and two tablespoons of light salad dressing
5 whole grain crackers
1 cup low fat milk

Sandwich

1 / 2 cup of carrots with 1 tablespoon light dressing
3 cups of popcorn (includes 1 teaspoon of oil)

Dinner

Half a sliced ​​tomato and 1 / 4 avocado, sliced
100 grams of grilled salmon
1 cup cooked brown rice or quinoa
1 / 2 cup cooked green beans
A multi-grain roll
1 orange

A pregnant woman, on average, should consume between 2000 and 2400 calories, assuming an average weight and texture and physical activity of less than thirty minutes a day. If your activity is higher, you should eat more, but that you can check with your doctor.
How much should I consume each food group?

Grains: the ideal is to consume 1 ½ cups of grain a day. For example, you can eat a slice of bread, a small corn or flour tortilla, or eat 1 cup of grain or rice or pasta. You can choose what you eat grains, the ideal is to be wheat and rice, and if it is comprehensive, the better.
Fruits: you should eat about 2 cups of fruit a day, varying between you choose, whether fresh or canned.
Vegetables: You need to consume between 2 ½ cups and 3 cups of vegetables a day. It is best if you vary the color of the fruit of your choice and go change your menu.
Meat and beans: you should eat about 2 cups of them a day, being about two portions of the size of a deck of cards. Choose lean meats and fish limits up to 3 cups a week (since more amount may expose your baby to an excess of mercury).
Milk, yogurt and cheese: you consume 3 cups per day. You can drink milk, yogurt, or eat cheese, they are a great source of calcium and protein. It is best to consume low-fat varieties.
Oils should consume 6 to 8 teaspoons per day. The best sources are olive oil, fish, avocados, nuts, seeds and olives.

Pregnancy is a very important period for each woman who comes once, most of them feel elated. However, some increases in hormone levels can cause significant depressive states . Today we will see what are the risks of developing these disorders when expecting a child.
Personal or family history of depression

Women throughout their life have tended to deal with difficult situations depressed are more prone to this disorder while pregnant. Also, those with depressive family records are at increased risk of such symptoms appear during their 9 months.
Problems in the couple

If the relationship has remained difficult since long before pregnancy, this stage is likely to take the mother to feel more sad and downcast than usual. It is a moment of great fragility and women feel vulnerable.

It is important that parents know that the birth of children does not solve the problems between them, however, a couple with conflicts will cost you more work to handle the situation very complex, involving the arrival of a baby. It is therefore recommended to use this time to give solution to the differences and that the future child enters a functional family.

Fertility Treatments

Women who have had fertility problems and eventually become pregnant have accumulated a high stress load whose emotional effects can last for much of the period. Many fear losing your baby, which obviously makes them prone to depression.
Stressful events of reality

The problems of everyday life, such as debt, unemployment, death in the family, among others, they affect pregnant women and can make them fall into states of depression.
Other risk factors

Elements of instability may scare women who are expecting children. The most common are young mothers, unmarried status and the fact that pregnancy is not expected.

A key issue during pregnancy is food. It should be noted that pregnancy is a time when the fetus is formed, and now the mother is responsible not only for their food, but also of being that is brewing inside.

This is why we adopt a special diet for this period is a fundamental condition for a perfect pregnancy to ensure both the feeding baby and the mother, without either suffering or nutritional disorders or problems related to food disproportionately. Here I will mention some basic points that the diet of a pregnant woman should have

Firstly it is important to consider the consumption of bread, cereals and potatoes. These foods have to represent seventy percent of dietary intake.

Also vegetables and fruits are essential. This is presumably because these are basic and essential food either with or without a further pregnancy at any stage of life. At least five servings a day are to be eaten during pregnancy.

Meat, fish, eggs, nuts and legumes are an essential source of protein, vitamins and minerals, so they should not be absent from the diet of the pregnant woman. It is important to try to consume two to three servings daily. Dairy products should also be eaten in this quantity.

The pregnant woman should remember that the ideal is not to exceed 13 kilos of weight gain in pregnancy, and at this point we should not lose weight, not the advice of a doctor. Pay careful attention to the figure, but above all must be the proper development of baby.